Menopause

• The most frequent symptoms of menopause include:

  • Hot flushes and night sweats
  • Mood changes and irritability  
  • Sleep disturbances
  • Vaginal dryness and discomfort
  • Weight gain and slowed metabolism
  • Thinning hair and dry skin

• There are several approaches to managing menopausal symptoms:

  Lifestyle Changes

  • Regular exercise 
  • Healthy diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
  • Stress reduction techniques like yoga or meditation
  • Avoiding triggers like caffeine, alcohol and spicy foods
  • Dressing in layers and keeping the bedroom cool at night
  
  

  Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)

  MHT, formerly called hormone replacement therapy (HRT), is the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms. It involves taking oestrogen, and a progestogen if you still have your uterus. MHT can significantly reduce hot flushes, night sweats, vaginal symptoms and bone loss.

  The benefits of MHT generally outweigh the risks for healthy women under 60 or within 10 years of menopause onset. However, MHT is not suitable for all women, so discuss the pros and cons with your doctor.

  Non-Hormonal Medications

  For women who cannot or choose not to take MHT, other options include:

  • Low-dose antidepressants for hot flushes
  • Gabapentin or pregabalin for hot flushes and sleep issues
  • Vaginal moisturisers and lubricants for dryness

  Complementary Therapies

  Some women find relief with complementary approaches like:

  • Acupuncture
  • Cognitive behavioural therapy
  • Hypnosis
  • Herbal remedies (e.g. black cohosh)

  However, evidence for the effectiveness of these therapies is limited. Consult your doctor before trying any complementary treatments.

Consult your GP or attend our women’s health clinic if menopausal symptoms are interfering with your quality of life. Seek medical advice if you experience:

• Severe hot flushes and/or night sweats
• Periods that are very heavy, occur more often than every three weeks, or restart after 12 months
• Spotting between periods or after sex
• Symptoms of vaginal atrophy like burning, itching or pain during intercourse

Your doctor can discuss treatment options and check for any underlying conditions. They may refer you to a menopause specialist if needed.