Abnormal Bleeding & Irregular Cycles

Abnormal bleeding and irregular cycles are usually investigated through a comprehensive medical history, physical and pelvic examination, and tests such as blood tests (to assess hormone levels, thyroid function, and blood count), pelvic ultrasound (to detect fibroids, cysts, or endometrial changes), and sometimes endometrial biopsy or hysteroscopy to examine the uterine lining for abnormalities.

Treatment for abnormal bleeding and irregular cycles depends on the underlying cause but generally includes:

• Hormonal therapy: Birth control pills, hormonal IUDs, or progesterone treatments to regulate cycles and reduce bleeding.
• Non-hormonal medication: NSAIDs to lessen bleeding and pain, or tranexamic acid to reduce heavy flow.
• Treating underlying conditions: Managing thyroid disorders, PCOS, or infections if present.
• Surgical options: Procedures such as polyp or fibroid removal, endometrial ablation, or hysterectomy for persistent or structural causes.